Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security and Livelihoods

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May 31, 2024

This report examines the significant impacts of climate change on food security and rural livelihoods in Sri Lanka. Agriculture, a key part of the country's economy, faces threats from rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events such as floods and droughts. These changes disrupt crop production, reduce yields, and decrease employment opportunities in agriculture, especially for rural communities dependent on farming for their livelihoods.

The analysis identifies how climate change affects food availability, access, and stability. Rice, the staple crop of Sri Lanka, is particularly vulnerable, with projections indicating a continued decline in yields across key growing regions. Additionally, climate-induced food insecurity is exacerbated by rising food prices and reduced household income.

The report concludes with policy recommendations, focusing on climate-smart agriculture (CSA) to boost resilience. CSA includes the adoption of drought-resistant crops, improved irrigation systems, and better infrastructure. By enhancing farmers' adaptive capacity and fostering sustainable agricultural practices, Sri Lanka can mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and secure its food systems for the future.

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